What are the grounds upon which the court can rely to establish a financial obligation on one of the parties?

The court can rely on the contract concluded between the parties, the failure of the obligor party to appear despite being duly notified, and the principle that established rights/obligations in one's *dhimma* (legal liability) are presumed to persist and not be discharged, in order to establish that the party's *dhimma* is occupied with a financial obligation. This is supported by paragraphs two and three of Article 22 of the Law of Evidence and Article 30/1 of the Commercial Courts Law.